Here is my entry for Creeley's For Love: Poems 1950--1960 as it appears in the Encyclopedia of American Poetry: The Twentieth Century.
Robert Creeley’s poems are exceptional in their impassioned concision, unpretentious but highly focused lexicon, and offbeat cadences. These characteristics are apparent in work collected in his first trade edition, For Love: Poems 1950--1960. Issued in 1962, the volume was circulated nationally, instantly and widely acclaimed, the poetry judged as “spare and tender” by Allen Ginsberg and as a “plea for the heart, for the return of, into the work of language” by Charles Olson. For Love was nominated for the American (now “National”) Book Award and has been Creeley’s bestseller, in print in various editions for decades.
The poems, composed during a tumultuous period in which Creeley divorced his first wife and remarried, speak to intuitions developed falling in and out of particular exigencies of love, “warmth of a night perhaps, the misdirected intention come right,” as Creeley writes in his preface. The majority of pieces consist of couplets and quatrains of sometimes breathtaking brevity addressing what Creeley sees as marital confusion and isolation. The work is gathered in chronological sections of decreasing durations: 1950--1955; 1956--1958; 1959--1960. Some titles of poems--“The Wife,” “The Bed,” “A Marriage,” and the ironically rhymed sing-song “Ballad of the Despairing Husband”--forecast the scale of intimacy.
The opening of “Ballad” makes plain what is at stake: “My wife and I lived all alone, / contention was our only bone.” Still, “Ballad” contains another bone. The third quatrain, as originally written and as it appeared earlier in Donald Allen’s New American Poetry, begins: “Oh come home soon, I write to her. / Go fuck yourself, is her answer.” For the first edition of For Love publisher Charles Scribner, Jr., insisted the word fuck be replaced by the more respectable screw. Donald Hutter, Creeley’s editor, unable to persuade Charles Scribner, Jr., “of the acceptability of any vernacular in a meritorious book of the sixties” recalls this incident with “a swell of frustration” [from a memoir dated by Hutter as August 1987]. Fuck as first inscribed was restored in later editions.
Intriguing events led to the publishing of For Love, Scribner’s first one-author book of poetry since 1954. The writer Michael Rumaker, Creeley’s colleague from Black Mountain College, had a selection of his stories featured in Scribner’s short story series, and he in turn recommended Creeley to the publisher. As a result, two years before For Love, Scribner anthologized prose by Creeley in Short Story 3. Scribner then asked to see a new book-length manuscript. Counter to Creeley’s initial intent, a decade’s worth of verse (most of which had been the basis for Creeley’s M.A. thesis at the University of New Mexico and previously published by small presses) was reconstituted as the hugely successful For Love. In correspondence Creeley explained:
I was trying to connect with James Laughlin’s New Directions--he had said he would be interested in a new collection of poems. . . . to satisfy Scribner’s legal provision (that they get first look at what new manuscript I might have) and to clear the decks for going to ND, I made a book of all I’d written and gave it to them to look at, presuming that they would turn it down. They didn’t. [E-mail correspondence from Robert Creeley to Jack Kimball, 2000.]
Tonal and narrative twists animate For Love in evidence of how Creeley follows William Carlos Williams’ directive to “think with the poem.” In “The Whip” a narrator talks of two women, one “my love . . . a feather, a flat // sleeping thing,” the other
above us on
the roof [a] woman I
also loved[.]
The reader might assume the second woman is prescience or memory of an intuition, and if so, the first--“a feather”--more a composite of mind than substance. Surprisingly, the woman on the roof whom
. . . I
also loved, had
addressed myself to in
a fit she
returned.
“Feather” and “on the roof” may serve as signs of the ethereal, but emotional qualities in the misgivings Creeley conveys prosodically bring them down to earth. Shortness of breath, stressful hesitations at line endings (“I”; “had”; “in”) are purposeful. Creeley relates in e-mail correspondence that the woman on the roof “is a real person, really up there (at 52 Spring Street, NYC)” and thus she has really “returned,” as the poem argues. She registers (making a racket upstairs?) as a material part of the narrator’s “night turning in bed.” The first woman is a real person, too, who wakes:
Ugh,
she said beside me, she put
her hand on
my back[.]
A year before For Love appeared, Creeley noted elsewhere: “The local is not a place but a place in a given man . . . brought by love to give witness to in his own mind” [First Person, No 1, 1960 (cited in The Collected Essays of Robert Creeley, 1989)]. Poem after poem Creeley brings the reader close to him, into his local place. Yet he speaks responsibly for America’s 1960s generation and for many others as well when he observes in “The Kind of Act of” there’s “no more giving in / when there is no more sin.” For Love earned immediate and sustained popularity because Creeley’s place is familiar to a culture that engages inclusive experience and graceful romance. The poem “Song” starts:
What I took in my hands
grew in weight, You must
understand it
was not obscene.
Creeley will never seem more doctrinaire, nor sound more like his New England ancestors, nor strike a more devout pose for the cause of living “in a prayer” so unpuritanical. He disclosed in an interview soon after the release of For Love that he does not choose subject matter, never “setting out to write a poem literally about something,” but finds “articulation of emotions in the actual writing” ["Linda W. Wagner: A Colloquy with Robert Creeley" in Robert Creeley's Contexts of Poetry: Interviews 1961-1971" edited by Donald Allen, 1973, Four Seasons Foundation, Bolinas, CA]. Creeley’s strategy is unembarrassed and fearless: forces of nature brought to breath, not by giving in to them, but with emotions to give, and poems to think with, to live.
what Rilke sd to do with sorrow
-
Overflowing heavens of squandered stars
flame brilliantly above your troubles. Instead
of into your pillows, weep up toward them.
There, at the already weepi...
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